Showing posts with label Books. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Books. Show all posts

Sunday, February 8, 2026

Telugu-English Dictionary (1900)

P. Sankaranarayana's glowing admiration for English in the Introduction of Telugu-English Dictionary (1900) -

"...the English language is, in general, exceedingly shorter than Telugu and other Indian languages. On still closer examination the interesting truth comes to light that its vocabulary as a whole is admirably short and economic. In fact, it seems to be at very near the minimum cost of utterance that English achieves the object of all language-expressing thoughts and feelings

...we find an extraordinary and astonishing brevity and simplicity in the English language. A very large percentage of its words, more especially its commonest and most useful words, are monosyllabic and dissyllabic

...the English vocabulary seems to be to that of our languages what shorthand is to longhand in writing

An eloquent speaker in English can pour forth in the ears and hearts of his spell-bound audience a volume of no less than perhaps three, four or five thousand words in an hour with their underlying ideas, notions, and thoughts, while his brother speaker in the adjacent hall cannot be blamed for not plodding through more than say a third of the number in his Vernacular in the same space of time. Or, if the work done be the same, if a speaker takes one hour to deliver a speech in English, other things equal, he must take to do the same in one of our vernaculars, say some three hours. The whole business of one session of the British Parliament or any of our law courts, so far as it relates to and depends upon speaking and language, would have been delightfully done in some three sessions.

The proportion between the labors, times, hands, wires, cables required to wire the same quantity of messages in the two languages would show that our long-winded languages would stamp out and destroy perhaps more than half of the business and work of the world that rests upon telegraphic communication...

...the value of short words must assert itself and become emphasized when they are put to use in innumerable ways for military and naval purposes by a nation and a tongue that are ruling well-nigh half the world.

I should be grossly mistaken if it does not deserve to rank as a most valuable and important truth brought to light, that in English we talk more and express and exchange a greater quantity of thoughts in a given time than in our Vernaculars, a truth competent, who can deny, to determine the fates or destinies of languages, and of great moment to us in this country, and to the position and prospects of the English language in this land, and, with it, to the material good and prosperity of its people."

Saturday, December 9, 2023

The Telugu Primer for the Use of Those who Wish to Study the Telugu Language (1851)

The Telugu Primer

The Telugu Primer for the Use of Those who Wish to Study the Telugu Language (PDF) by Adacki Sooba Row, Late Moonshee in the Telugu translator's Office is a 260 paged book published in 1851 whose objective is "to remove the obstacles which impede the first steps in the acquirement of this beautiful and elegant Language by furnishing the  student with a progressive series of easy and familiar lessons".

Excerpts with Telugu words transliterated to English:

The Hindu months

  1. చైత్రము / Chaitramu   - April-May
  2. వైశాఖము / Vaishākhamu  -  May-June
  3. జ్యేష్ఠము / Jyēṣṭhamu  - June- July
  4. ఆషాఢము / Āṣāḍhamu  - July-August.
  5. శ్రావణము / Śrāvaṇamu  - August-September
  6. భాద్రపదము / Bhādrapadamu  - September-October
  7. ఆశ్వియుజము / Āśwayujamu  - October-November
  8. కాతికము / Kārtikamu - November-December
  9. మార్గశిరము / Mārgaśiramu - December-January
  10. పుష్యము / Puṣyamu - January-February
  11. మాఘము / Māghamu - February-March 
  12. పాల్గుణము / Pālguṇamu - March-April

A month నెల / Nela is divided into two పక్షములు / Pakṣamulu viz . శుక్ల శుద్ధపకుము / Śukla Śuddha Pakṣamu the bright half  of a month. బహుళ / Bahuḷa or కృష్ణ పక్షము / Kṛṣhṇa Pakṣamu the dark half of a month.

The following are the days of the month distinguished by the prefix శుద్ధ or బహుళ :

  1. పాడ్యమి  /  Pādyami - 1st 
  2. విదియ  / Vidiya  - 2d
  3. తదియ /  Tadiya  - 3d
  4. చవుతి /  Chavuti  - 4th
  5. పంచమి /  Panchami  - 5th 
  6. షషి / Shasti  - 6th 
  7. సప్తమి /  Saptami  - 7th
  8. అష్టమి /  Ashtami  - 8th 
  9. నవమి /  Navami  - 9th 
  10. దశమి /  Daśami  - 10th 
  11. ఏకాదశి /  Ekādaśi  - 11th 
  12. ద్వాదశి /  Dvādaśi  - 12th 
  13. త్రయోదశి /  Trayodaśi  - 13th 
  14. చతుర్దశి /  Chaturdashi  - 14th

అమావాస్య / Amāvāsyā - The last day of the dark half of the month

పున్నమ /  Punnama  - Full moon or the last day of the light half of the month 

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